Imperialism Debate Essay

The dominance came every now and then by force of arms, but frequently It occurred because of trade and businesses. At this point, It allowed Imperial powers to the influence the selected civilization. While the Imperials ruled, they usually ‘robbed' the land of Its resources with little payback. These schemes obviously allowed for the imperial powers to gain a large profit and gain dominance. Imperialism was an effective and successful way for civilized countries to gain control over an indigenous countries. So, America should not become an imperial power.Core Democratic Value: Liberty Liberty is the one of the core values of American Constitutional Democracy. But this Liberty should include personal, political, economic freedom of not only American but also all nations. Imperialism based on ideas of superiority and nationalism robbed liberty of the subject country and their human rights In order to gain political, economic, and military benefits. For example, by the late sass , Americans wanted to annex Hall because of Its abundant natural resources and cultivatable lands.America, therefore, began a program of Imperialism In Hawaii and forced political and economic change. Queen Alkalinity wanted to end America's influence over Hawaii and created a new constitution. However, the United States denied it, soon took over the government office at Hawaii, and established complete control over Hawaii. American imperialism robbed economic and political freedom of Hawaii. Data: ‘If a strong people try to govern a weak one against its will, the home government will get despotic, too.You cannot maintain despotism in Asia and a republic In America. If you try to deprive even a savage or a barbarian of his Just rights you can never do It without becoming a savage or a barbarian yourself. ‘ ? Senator George F. Hoar under the pretext of spreading democracy and a Western value system, America's military intervene causes our endless warfare and the sacrifice of young military people. Ongoing Afghanistan civil war could be a good example. Prior Knowledge: Japanese imperialism robbed the liberty of Koreans. From 1910 to 1945, Japan occupied Korea.They forced the Koreans into Japanese culture under the pretext of civilizing the Koreans. Japanese language was taught In schools, and Japanese also forced the Koreans to change of their name in Japanese. Japan tried to destroy all records of histories of Korea and force the people with the conditionals pride to convert to Japanese ways of thinking. Hundreds of thousands of laborers were forced to work In Japanese factories and conscripted Into the armed forces, women were forced into â€Å"comfort stations† which is military brothels. While military power.As a result, imperialism deprived Koreans human rights, destroyed cultural factors, caused economic exhaustion, and lost natural resources. Counter Argument: Colonial officials, doctors, and missionaries strongly believed that all race s could be improved and uplifted by introducing Christianity, and they lived that it's their duty to conquer other nations to spread the religion, but it is opposed to the concept of individual freedom and freedom of religion. The dominating country thinks that their beliefs and laws are superior to the subjected nation.In fact, Imperialism civilizes and modernizes the underdeveloped country for the dominating country to gain economic benefits. If the dominate country uses the nationalistic or cultural factors to take control, there is a chance where the customs and the way of living of the domains will be lost. Conclusion: An average imperialist believed that imperial expansion was necessary for the arrival of their countries. Countries exercise great authority over large and varied territories populated by diversity of ethnic groups, cultures, and religions.Countries which exercise imperial power use a broad range of tools and incentives to maintain the dominance: political persua sive, economic advantages and cultural influences where possible, sometimes using force. But imperialism based on ideas of superiority and nationalism robbed liberty of the subject country and their human rights in order to gain political, economic, and military benefits. The reasons mentioned above are why America should not become imperial power.

Augustinian Theodicy

The Augustinian Theodicy From Augustine in his booke ‘Confessions' in 397AD. His argument was that God is good and created a world perfectly good and free from defection, evil & suffering. Based on Genesis 1-3 ‘Either God cannot abolish evil, or he will not. If he cannot, he is not all-powerful, if he will not he is not all-good. ‘ Augustine ‘The believer must have, in a cool moment, a solution to the problem of evil. If he does not, his faith is not rational†¦ ‘ Richard Swinburne The perfect world – â€Å"God saw all that he had made and saw that it was good. Genesis – Evil is a privation of good as darkness is a privation of light. – Humanity has free will to choose good over evil. The Fall – Natural & moral evil exist because things fell short of what God intended. – â€Å"The penalty of sin corrects the dishonour of sin† Augustine. – God shouldn't intervene because evil is the price of freedom. H umans can't overcome the inevitably of them sinning. – The fall marks the entrance of evil into the world. (The fall being Adam's mistake). – Humanity has an inherent guilt as descendants of Adam & Eve (original sin).We have to ‘put up with' what we have indirectly done to the Universe. The punishment for the original sin is ‘seminally present'. Intervention – There is hope through Jesus for all. This is a God given opportunity for those with good intentions to find a selfish reason for doing good. – Augustine's theodicy is soul-deciding. Meaning we have a choice of path metaphorically in life. In this way Augustine tries to prove the righteousness of God. By showing that God was right not to intervene when we chose to do wrong against God.And that giving us the choice of giving our life to christ is a act of generosity. However this contradicts the idea of him being all-loving as this theodicy tells us that God would let there be a way to bri ng evil & suffering into the world. But if he did not mean this, it either contradicts the fact that he is all-knowing or all-powerful. Basically†¦ God made a perfect world (is this true? ), humans committed the original sin (God does not have control), evil took the world, God didn't intervene (as a just punishment), but he gave us a way to desire to be perfect.Natural evil – came through the loss in nature after ‘the fall' Moral evil – came through the new knowledge of good and evil which was discovered through disobedience. Punishments: Separation from God. Expulsion from the garden of Eden. They must now live in a fallen world. Pain in childbirth. Struggle with the earth to yield a harvest. Tension between man and woman. Physical death. Old testament – God sends the law & prophets to try and restore the relationship between humans and God. But these methods fail, leading to Jesus. New Testament – God sends Jesus. In Augustine's eyes this wa s the best God had to offer.

Crt Monitors and Active and Passive Matrix Displays

CRT MONITORS AND ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MATRIX DISPLAYS The texts â€Å"CRT Monitors† and â€Å"Active and Passive Matrix Displays† gives us the necessary basic knowledge about the types of monitors. Most desktop computer systems sold now by default come with LCD monitors. But if you are one of those who want to know the difference between CRT and LCD monitors, these texts are immense help. To start with, a CRT monitor in general is nothing more than cathode ray tube with millions of diminutive red, green and blue phosphor dots.The working principle of CRT monitor is sustained by the theory of electron beam traveling across the tube to the area of deflection system where the beam is given direction to a specific pixel on the screen. The first CRT monitor has been invented in 1970s. However, monitor was greenish and the only possible sphere of usability was text-based computers. On the other hand, it was just a start. In 1987 when the VGA display system was invented and CRT monitors took a step into the astonishing success and recognition. As years went by, new technology of monitors was invented.These were an active and passive matrix display technology using monitors. First of all, these monitors were different from CRT because of the new thin film transistor technology. It was that kind of technology where particular row was switched on and a charge was generated and sent down the column. As result, the pixel appeared on the monitor at the intersect place of the row and the column. Moreover, it was a revolution in making computers portable. To sum up, it is essential to mention that technologies are not staying fixedly so it is natural that one technique displaces other as time goes by. 285 words

Law essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law - Essay Example was carried in by the canon lawyers and then by the school of natural law leading to voluntarism, the leading lights of which were Domat and Pothier and which carried all before it under the French Civil Code during the whole of the nineteenth century. Conversely, in England, though not in Scotland, Roman law has not had the same influence. It took longer for the notion of contract to be worked out and voluntarism went into an almost immediate decline. The decline was hastened by the analyses of American writers, particularly following the famous article by Fuller and Perdue these went as far as proclaiming the death of the contract. Yet contract is alive, and it continues to constitute the basic legal instrument used to regulate the economic relations between natural and legal persons. It is, however, a concept which has undergone a certain evolution and which, from a comparative point of view, does not take the form of a uniform model. A contract under common law is not exactly the same as under the German or French legal systems. For that reason, it is necessary to begin with a study of the basic notion of a contract as it exists in the main legal systems with which we are concerned, in order to work out what it is that the various concepts with which we are concerned, in order to work out what it is that the various concepts found in those systems have in common. Once that has been done, it will be possible to determine the relationship between the notion of a contract, as thus defined, and the other sources of law giving rise to obligations, such as torts and quasi-contract/restitution. After that, it will then be necessary to move onto a higher plane, by considering what it is that gives binding force to a contract (Beale, 2002, KÃ ¶tz and Flessner, 1997). A contract is a voluntary agreement or promise between legally competent parties, supported by legal consideration, to perform or refrain from performing) some legal act. That definition may be easier to

Growth trategy of Adida Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7750 words

Growth trategy of Adida - Coursework Example The company i working to change cutomer' perception Reebok from that of a dicount hoe brand to a premium brand. A part of thee effort, the company ha witched the Reebok wholeale model from bulk pre-order to pay a you go. Wholeale cutomer like Footlocker now order Reebok hoe a they need them rather than ordering them in bulk. Thi make it le likely that larger retailer will dicount Reebok hoe in order to clear their inventorie. Adida i, at it core, an international company with only 30% of it 2007 ale coming from North America. Moreover, it i rapidly expanding it preence in emerging market like Aia and Latin America. Becaue it target the wealthiet egment of the market the company lead it competitor in ale in Japan, Korea, India, Thailand, Indoneia, and New Zealand; ale growth in it core emerging market in Latin America and Aia have ha topped 24% in the lat everal year. By 2010, management expect China to be it econd bigget market. (Cooper and Lybrand, 2004, 77-84) Adida Group generate revenue by elling it product to retail tore or directly to the cutomer via one of the brand' concept tore, factory outlet, conceion corner, or online tore. Of thi revenue, 46% i from footwear, 42% from apparel, and 12% from hardware. In 2007 the company had 10.3 billion in revenue ($13.7 billion baed on the average 2007 exchange rate), which wa a 7% currency-neutral increae over 2006' revenue of 10.084 billion ($12.557 billion). While operating margin ha dropped overall ince 2005, thi can be attributed to the cot aociated with integrating Reebok, which ha reulted in extra operating expene of over $30 million during the pat two year. Adida i a company that manufacture hoe and port apparel. The founder i Adolf Daler who i German. The name created by combination of the name and urname Adi Daler, who tarted producing hoe in 1920 with the help of hi brother Rudolf Daler. That make cotumer, to recognize Adida i three parallel tripe of the ame color. (Cooper et al, 2000, 38-39) logan: "IMPOIBLE I NOTHING" trategic Objective We are innovation and deign leader who eek to help athlete of all kill level achieve peak performance with every product we bring to the market. We are a global organization that i ocially and environmentally reponible, creative and financially rewarding for our employee and hareholder. We are committed to continuouly trengthening our brand and product to improve our competitive poition and financial performance. In the medium term, we will extend our leading market poition in Europe, expand our hare of the U footwear market and be the fatet growing major porting good upplier in Aia and Latin America. The reulting top-line growth, together with trict cot control and working capital improvement, will drive over-proportionate earning growth. (Cooper and Kaplan, 2004, 130-135) .W.O.T. Analyi trength - In many invent i the bigget ponor - trong management team - Brand recognition and reputation - Diverity and variety in product offered on

Globalization and its Discontents paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Globalization and its Discontents paper - Essay Example The policies devised by them are a result of prolonged discussions between the economists. The policies that have been devised by the International Monetary Fund have helped many countries to overcome the problem of financial crisis. In order to avoid a financial drought the country has to avoid all sorts of financial problems that may come up. The country has to control the flow of money internally otherwise the financial crisis cannot be avoided (IMF). If the international capital flow is not maintained properly, economic stability in a country cannot be achieved. The price in the country cannot be stabilized and hence the financial policies designed to overcome the crisis cannot be implemented properly. This shows that if a country has to prosper in terms of finance and economics it has to improve its structure internally and then ask for help from the outside sources. Hence if a country is in the developing stage and is not practicing its economic policies properly, the Internati onal Monetary Fund also cannot be of much help. One example of such a country is Botswana which improved itself internally and prospered than any other country in Africa. When Botswana got independence it was suffering from a severe financial crisis. And it was of utmost importance to address the issue properly. Botswana was rich of agriculture and diamonds but lacked the resources to make use of both these assets. The assets in the country did not prove to be lethal for them as they were used in the right way. This was quite beneficial for the country to achieve stable economy. The political leaders of Botswana believed in national integrity and worked towards the betterment of the state. And thus Botswana did not approach the International Monetary Funds for any kind of aid. But they received advices and suggestions from the outsiders who belonged to public or private institutions. These advisories helped in devising a future plan for the country. They laid out plans which involved the whole structure of the country and not only one department. The advisors selected by the state were properly interviewed and then hired. This showed that the state w as being controlled properly and each and every individual in the state had the spirit to move the country towards prosperity. For e.g. the deputy governor who was referred to by the IMF was only hired by the state when he was interviewed. This clearly illustrated that the state was internally stable and was working towards the betterment of the state. The state of Botswana maintained a good relationship with the International Monetary Funds through out its history. The advisories of International Monetary Funds helped the state of Botswana in tackling the problems of economics in the state. And these advisories were highly honored by the state of Botswana. Botswana was not helped properly by the IMF when it faced the problem of liquidity. But this was because of the requirements of the IMF. An economic policy should be devised before asking for any financial help from the IMF. This generally is a correct way of handling the situation as the IMF provides support so that the state ca n prosper further. However even then the state of Botswana was strong enough to pass through these problems. The reserves which the state of Botswana had from the income generated from its natural assets

Action Assignment #1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Action #1 - Assignment Example the individuals builds the desire to find out how well the front office staff receives their guests and what makes the guests come back for the services. The choice utilized the websites of the top hotels in the country, the site with many customers received the most consideration and hence the selection. At the first instance, the front office staff welcomes the guests with a beaming smile. As the guests approach the staff’s desk, she stands up and shakes their hand while welcoming them. She then offers them a seat and tells them to feel comfortable while she is serving them. At this point, the guests smile back and says appreciates by saying â€Å"Thank you.† These non-verbal cues of communication allow the guests to be comfortable while they receive services. Moreover, the welcoming smile and hospitality observed makes the guests come back for the services. As observed, the interaction was in a formal setup facilitating an official interaction between the front office staff and the guests. Firstly, the assumption that a warm welcome often bolsters the relations between the staffs and the visitors holds in this particular instance. Secondly, the first impression depicted by the front office staff warrants the extent to which the guests will give in to the services offered. Finally, the manner with which the staff receives the visitors determines the visitors’ satisfaction. The beaming smile portrayed by the staff demonstrates her hospitality. Additionally, the welcoming mood signals the nature of the services the staff offers. The impressions formed almost immediately as the front office staff seemed jovial, happy, and welcoming. The second observation finds its locale in an informal scenery. The case involves analyzing an interaction between two friends who seem to have been apart for a long time now. Hence, the interactions are informal involving extended non-verbal communication cues. The persons in this context meet and hug each other closely and

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example In so much, the authors of this particular article present a well-balanced approach to the topic that is been exhaustively studied and analyzed by a variety of different scholars of the past decade. In determining the way in which future actions with regards to technology should take place, an understanding of the key relationship between the human and his/her prosthetic is a vital component which must be understood prior to any informed level of understanding or ideals concerning future dynamics taking place. Gentile, Douglas A., Sarah M. Coyne, and Francesco Bricolo. "Pathological Technology Addictions: What Is Scientifically Known And What Remains To Be Learned." The Oxford handbook of media psychology. 382-402. New York, NY US: Oxford University Press, 2013. PsycINFO. Web. 4 July 2013. ... c to individuals with genetic markers, the given research article promotes the understanding that a predisposition to technological addiction may exist within a certain subset of the society as well. This is an important understanding to integrate with due to the fact that the broad majority of the research which is been conducted on this particular topic seeks to approach the issue from something of a one dimensional aspect. However, once the researcher is able to delineate and understand the fact that not each and every individual within society will be impacted upon the same level with regards technological addiction, and more fair and balanced approach to understanding this particular topic is able to be engaged. Hodis, Monica A., and Gordon C. Bruner II. "Technology Addiction: An Exploratory Study Of The Negative Impact Of Technology On Consumer Welfare." Advances In Consumer Research 36.(2009): 840-842. Business Source Complete. Web. 4 July 2013. Although technological addictio n has an impact upon each and every aspect of an individual’s life, it is oftentimes the case that technological addiction, within the realm of scholarship and research is only understood through the context of psychology and/or sociology. Although true that these two aspects are perhaps the most important means of integrating an understanding of this particular topic, it should also be noted that key understandings and applicable approaches within the realm of business also exist. Within the early stages of technological proliferation within the world, but a few decades ago, marketers and businesses sought desperately to integrate with consumers via this new medium. However, this particular article discusses the means by which technological overdependence is not only harmful to the

Why states obey the laws of war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why states obey the laws of war - Essay Example These laws and treaties have actualized an environment of self-regulations, so that the countries obeying it, have maximally minimized aggressive overtures against other countries as well as their own citizens. However, that is not the case all the time, as certain countries without obeying the international laws have acted or are acting aggressively and unilaterally. This gross violation of international laws by countries has raised doubts about the validity and efficacy of these laws. Even amidst these disobeying of laws, countries tend to obey laws due to certain reasons. States obey the laws and the related treaties and conventions due to mix of certain valid reasons, which mainly borders on self-interest and need for self-legitimacy, and also minimally due to coercion. Self interest constitutes various factors and one key factor is the want of the country to create a positive identity for itself. Participation in the transnational legal process and obeying all the laws helps â⠂¬Å"constitute the identity of the state as the one that obeys the law†. (Coleman). Importantly, they does not want to acquire the tag or reputation of a law breaker or a rogue nation, and thereby standing isolated and facing a barrage of debilitating sanctions. That is, if a nation continues to disobey the laws and thereby acts in a detrimental way against particular nations as well as global community on the whole, certain nations and also overseeing body like United Nations will impose economic sanctions, trade, food and other essential commodities embargoes, etc. These punitive actions will negatively impact the nation as well as its people. In order to avoid these scenarios, nations will tend to obey the laws. As another form of self interest, nations will obey laws to make or demand other nations to do the same. States will tend to obey laws whose underpinning political rational is clear and which they agree with, especially the laws relating to territorial integrity and inviolability of borders.(King 2005). Once obeying of law based on self-interest is done, then legitimacy will automatically fall into place. That is, states will always want legitimacy to its words and actions, and to get that they have to obey the laws. If they want other countries to be legitmate, they have to create and obey laws appropriately. This was validated by Professor Frank who states that legitimacy means that quality of law must derive from a perception, to those to whom it is addressed, that law has come into being in accordance with right process. (Rashid 2004). Even coercion and the resultant obeying of the law is also an extension of self-interest. When a state is coerced to obey laws through armed force or other means, they will accept it mainly from self-interest perspective. In certain cases, nations will obey laws as a form of nonconsensual coercion, but would like to exhibit as self-interest. The bottom line is, all states will want to live in peace, prosperi ty and in good coordination with other states and for that they will obey the international laws. When viewed from another perspective, certain States although generally act in accordance to the law, they do not always obey it. This happens mainly in the case of unilateral actions and importantly due to mis-interpretation of the laws according to their self-interests. Also, when certain States feel as they were not part of specific law making process, they are not obligated to follow that law. When states take unilateral actions to fulfil and pursue their self-interests, imperialistic ambitions, etc, they disobey and undermine the international laws. Although, they may be part of the law making process and could have acted in accordance with those laws most of the time, they could disobey. As an

Why hunting is positive for the environment Essay Example for Free

Why hunting is positive for the environment Essay Hunting can be used in many different ways that all have a positive effect on the environment. Hunting is helpful in many positive ways to keep the environment clean and healthy. Hunting has been used since the beginning of time and has always been here. Throughout the years, there have been many different groups of people that are pro-hunting and many different groups that have been against hunting. Since hunting began, many of the people who are pro-hunting has kept the environment clean and healthy. Hunting has many positive effects on the environment that are beneficial. Some of these benefits include but are not limited to the large economic benefit to the wildlife conservation through hunting equipment taxes, hunting license sales, and usage fees. Other benefits of hunting is all the money that is spent yearly by hunters on equipment, hunting trips, and guide services. Hunters also contribute highly to keeping the environment clean and healthier by donating and contributing large sums of time and money to hunter run conservation groups that work to help increase natural wildlife habitats and populations (Hunting Benefits 1). An environment that is considered to be â€Å"good† would be one that involves situations of activities that maintain wildlife at current levels. Which means hunting is positive for the environment because the hunting community helps ensure that the wildlife populations of all the different types of game is kept in good conditions and can be proven to survive from this generation to the next (Gibbons 1). This means that hunters have to keep a variety of natural habitats to be kept intact, unpolluted, and undisturbed by unnatural forces. All of which hunters support these efforts (Gibbons 1). Wildlife hunting in all aspects plays a major role in helping keep the environment as clean and natural as possible; therefore, hunting should be permitted with rules and regulations. Hunting has helped the environment financially. Hunting benefits the environment financially by providing many different ways to help raise money to help keep the environment clean and natural. An environment that is considered to be â€Å"good† would be one that involves situations of activities that maintain wildlife at current levels. Which means hunting is positive for the environment because the hunting community helps ensure that the wildlife populations of all the different types of game is kept in good conditions and can be proven to survive from this generation to the next (Gibbons 1). This means that hunters have to keep a variety of natural habitats to be kept intact, unpolluted, and undisturbed by unnatural forces. All of which hunters support these efforts (Gibbons 1). Keeping natural habitats as clean, natural, and undamaged as possible is a very important fact of having a sustainable place to hunt. Hunters are not the only people that are looking for environments clean and healthy like these. By providing ecosystems like these from hunting, it brings more revenue from other activities to help the natural world. Some of these activities include ecologists dependency on the environments for research. Hikers, bird-watchers, and wildflower viewers prefer habitats that are uncontaminated and full of wild living things (Gibbons 1). Even though most hunters and other groups do not prefer to share the same habitats, it gives an immense variety of wildlife seekers to have a common goal of healthy outdoors (Gibbons 2). Many people who are against hunting provide different ways that hunting is negative but hunting provides very strong financial aid to keeping the environment healthy. Hunting not only provides a way for natural food, but also gives much financial aid to having clean ecosystems. â€Å"The money hunters spend on their hunting licenses is pumped back into programs that help protect and enhance wildlife and the environment. If hunting is well regulated, as sports or recreational involvement, there are no major affects to the species, if anything it may help bring back species from the edge of extinction. Many wildlife managers view sport hunting as the principal basis for protection of wildlife (Blogspot 1). † The money that hunters have spent on the items that they buy to use to hunt is put back into organizations that help benefit the environment. Regulated hunting has more of a positive effect on the environment than it does detrimental and actually helps animal populations as a form of protection. â€Å"Hunting is a business in and of itself; in 2001 alone 13 million people in the U. S. went hunting and spent more than 20 billion dollars (Hunting Benefits 2). † This is stating that left alone, hunting is a highly successful and lucrative business. Hunting has benefited the environment sanitarily. Many different types of hunting cover nearly all ecosystems, keeping them natural and safe. There are many different organizations that work to keep the environment clean from pollution and other harmful things. Many hunters volunteer and work independently to keep the environment safe and clean. Hunters do more than just kill animals, they keep the environment safe for everyone including the animals. Hunting is one of the most effective ways to a clean environment. â€Å"This negative view of hunter’s ethics is wrong; in reality hunting is an essential conservation tool (Hunting Benefits 3). † If hunting were to be illegal, the world would lose one of the biggest conservation tools it has to offer. Hunting has helped benefit the environment by keeping the populations of animals in balance. On a national average, nearly 1. 5 million deer are hit every year causing billions of dollars in damage to vehicles and making insurances rise (Deer 1). When there is an overpopulation of deer or other animal in the woods, they begin to move out of their home in search for food. This could mean either going out of the area in the woods that they live in and going to other parts and staying out of human contact or as what has occurred before is the animals moving into areas that are populated by humans and being killed and causing accidents. By hunting the deer and keeping their populations in check, it helps keep the deer from migrating out of their forest homes and wandering into suburban areas in search for food (Deer 1). This is potentially dangerous for humans because when accidents begin to happen by hitting the deer, people can either be seriously injured or killed in some cases. With the proper rules and regulations in place, wildlife hunting plays a major role to help keep the environment clean, healthy, and as natural as possible. Killing animals for sport or just to be able to hang trophies on the wall is cruel and unethical. By killing animals for food and to keep the populations in balance is a good thing and keeps a healthy food chain in the environment. Hunting can help benefit the environment in many different ways. It keeps it clean and prosperous.

Advertising Designed To Differentiate Remind Inform And Persuade Marketing Essay

Advertising Designed To Differentiate Remind Inform And Persuade Marketing Essay Advertising is one part of the promotional mix, and therefore advertising objectives will be set in line with overall Promotional and Marketing Objectives, which in turn will relate to the organizations overall Corporate Objectives. In general, however, there are three main categories of advertising objectives a business might set itself in terms of whether it seeks to Inform, Persuade or Remind the target audience. Types of advertisement: Inform: Informative advertising, seeks to tell the market about the product, explain how the product works, provide information on pricing, and build awareness of both the product and the company. Such objectives are normally pursued at the launch of a new product, or re-launch / up-date of an existing product. Its the product of Pepsi Company and wants to inform people about it. Presenting different taste and verity of the product in daily print Electronic media to influence people towards product. Persuade: Here objectives are to encourage the target audience to switch brands, make the purchase, and create a preference in the market for the product as opposed to its competition. Advertising of this nature is required in highly competitive markets, where a range of products compete directly with each other. In such circumstances businesses often seek to differentiate their product through Comparison Advertising either directly or indirectly comparing its product to that of its competitors. Here Nestle Pakistan wants to inform public about the price of Product NIDO Price. That its price 39 rupees per liter and also persuade that it is low price then market price as well as grater Quality. Their target market is for product childrens. Remind: Reminder Advertising is used to maintain interest and awareness of a well established product in the market, often in the latter stages of its product life cycle. It is often used at the Point-of-Purchase to remind consumers of the Brand. Such advertising is used by the likes of Coca-Cola and other leading brands, to maintain their position in the market. Nestle Yogurt is well know product of Nestle Pakistan, they advertise just remind people about the product. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising P-5: Evaluate appropriate uses and applications for advertising in two given situations. Uses of advertisement: Advertisements are used to tell the audience what products you are selling, services you provide and the type of business you do such as whether your business provides finance company loan services for purchasers. Advertisements may be used to notify the public of the date and venue of an event. They inform consumers of what is available with a view to get the customers into the store and make sales. Other Uses are Corporate Communications Incentive Programs Multi-State Marketing Campaigns Multifunction/Department Management Regional Markets Prominent Client List Strategic Advertising Account Marketing/Sales Vendor Research Selection Strong Customer Relations Print/Newspaper Trends Marketing Program Execution Uses in Reminding: Brief messages designed chiefly to keep a product in the mind of the consumer once the product is already familiar. Reminder advertising usually follows an extensive advertising campaign, and therefore does not elaborate on the reasons to buy the product. Common examples of reminder advertisements are those found on matchbooks and pencils and in skywriting, as well as the more traditional media vehicles. Advertising designed to remind consumers of the benefits of a product or service, or of their current need for those benefits. For instance, the XYZ Company may seek to remind consumers of their need for XYZ anti-freeze when the weather begins to turn cold. Uses in Persuasion: This is the basic rule when it comes to persuasion in advertising. No matter how enticing the woman in a poster for a liquor brand might be, its not going to work if your target audience is composed of straight women. They just wont go for that. The same logic applies to when youre catering for the rich and the poor. You have to study your target group in order to come up with the most suitable ad campaign. Watching the news can prove to be a very effective mode of persuasion in advertising. By keeping yourself tuned into what is happening globally and locally, you are able to put your brand or your client into context with your target market. For example, if youre assigned to come up with an ad for vitamins and the rainy season has arrived, you can use the weather to convince your market that they need vitamins. Persuasion in advertising can be as direct or indirect as you want it to be. Some brands have even been known to make use of certain celebrities to actually tell people to support a certain brand. Whichever road you choose to take, it is very important to take note of your target market (because theyre the ones youre supposed to convince) and take advantage of current events to help you do it. P-6: Evaluate the role, organization and functions of agencies in the advertising process. Advertisement Process: http://www.ipa.co.uk/write/images/uploads/process.jpg Advertisement agency: An advertising agency or ad agency is a service business dedicated to creating, planning and handling advertising (and sometimes other forms of promotion) for its clients. An ad agency is independent from the client and provides an outside point of view to the effort of selling the clients products or services. An agency can also handle overall marketing and branding strategies and sales promotions for its clients. Role of advertising agencies in advertising process: A plethora of Businesses, Corporations, Government Organizations and Non Profit set-ups hire advertising agencies   to advertise their products, brands and services to present and prospective customers. Understand the Product / Company: An advertising agency begins by getting well acquainted with the clients goals, products target audience. This knowledge proves beneficial in planning and creating an effective advertising campaign. The advertising executives work towards creating an effective advertising campaign (a single or a series of attention grabbing and unique ads) which is within the clients marketing goals and budget. This includes creating interesting slogans, attractive jingles and attention grabbing body copy for advertisements. The client has the final word and may ask for rework. Plan Create an Advertising Campaign: Once an advertising agency understands its clients needs, the process of brainstorming and planning begins. Keeping in mind the clients goals (which can range from pushing sales of its products and services introducing new products in the market reiterating its brands benefits attracting new customers or keeping in touch with old ones Strategize: Some Companies like to outsource their overall marketing responsibilities to advertising agencies. In such a case, the ad agency takes over the process of brand building, strategizing and pushing sales through other promotion techniques like sales promotions etc. Organization of advertising agencies:- Broadly there are 6 departments in any advertising agency Account Servicing Account Planning Media Creative Production Finance and Accounting Account service department The account service, or the account management department, is the link between the ad agency and its clients. Depending upon the size of the account and its advertising budget one or two account executives serve as liaison to the client. The account executives job requires high degree of diplomacy and tact as misunderstanding may lead to loss of an account. The account executive is mainly responsible to gain knowledge about the clients business, profit goals, marketing problems and advertising objectives. The account executive is responsible for getting approved the media schedules, budgets and rough ads or story boards from the client. The next task is to make sure that the agency personnel produce the advertising to the clients satisfaction. The biggest role of the account executive is keeping the agency ahead of the client through follow-up and communications. Media department The responsibility of the agencys media department is to develop a media plan to reach the target audience effectively in a cost effective manner. The staff analyses, selects and contracts for media time or space that will be used to deliver the ad message. This is one of the most important decisions since a significantly large part of the clients money is spent on the media time and/or space. The media department has acquired increasing importance in an agencys business as large advertisers seem to be more inclined to consolidate media buying with one or few agencies thereby saving money and improving media efficiency. Creative department To a large extent, the success of an ad agency depends upon the creative department responsible for the creation and execution of the advertisements. The creative specialists are known as copywriters. They are the ones who conceive ideas for the ads and write the headlines, subheads and the body copy. They are also involved in deciding the basic theme of the advertising campaign, and often they do prepare the rough layout of the print ad or the commercial story board. Creation of an ad is the responsibility of the copywriters and the art department decides how the ad should look. Production department After the completion and approval of the copy and the illustrations the ad is sent to the production department. Generally agencies do not actually produce the finished ads; instead they hire printers, photographers, engravers, typographers and others to complete the finished ad. For the production of the approved TV commercial, the production department may supervise the casting of actors to appear in the ad, the setting for scenes and selecting an independent production studio. The production department sometimes hires an outside director to transform the creative concept to a commercial. Finance and accounting department An advertising agency is in the business of providing services and must be managed that way. Thus, it has to perform various functions such as accounting, finance, human resources etc. it must also attempt to generate new business. Also this department is important since bulk of the agencys income approx. 65% goes as salary and benefits to the employees. Functions of advertising agency: Professionals at advertising agencies and other advertising organizations offer a number of functions including: Account Management: Within an advertising agency the account manager or account executive is tasked with handling all major decisions related to a specific client. These responsibilities include locating and negotiating to acquire clients. Once the client has agreed to work with the agency, the account manager works closely with the client to develop an advertising strategy. For very large clients, such as large consumer products companies, an advertising agency may assign an account manager to work full-time with only one client and, possibly, with only one of the clients product lines. For smaller accounts an account manager may simultaneously manage several different, though non-competing, accounts. Creating Team: The principle role of account managers is to manage the overall advertising campaign for a client, which often includes delegating selective tasks to specialists. For large accounts one task account managers routinely delegate involves generating ideas, designing concepts and creating the final advertisement, which generally becomes the responsibility of the agencys creative team. An agencys creative team consists of specialists in graphic design, film and audio production, copywriting, computer programming, and much more. Research: Full-service advertising agencies employ market researchers who assess a clients market situation, including understanding customers and competitors, and also are used to test creative ideas. For instance, in the early stages of an advertising campaign researchers may run focus group sessions with selected members of the clients target market in order to get their reaction to several advertising concepts. Researchers are also used following the completion of an advertising campaign to measure whether the campaign reached its objectives. Media Planning: Once an advertisement is created, it must be placed through an appropriate advertising media. Each advertising media, of which there are thousands, has its own unique methods for accepting advertisements, such as different advertising cost structures (i.e., what it costs marketers to place an ad), different requirements for accepting ad designs (e.g., size of ad), different ways placements can be purchased (e.g., direct contact with media or through third-party seller), and different time schedules (i.e., when ad will be run). Understanding the nuances of different media is the role of a media planner, who looks for the best media match for a client and also negotiates the best deals. An Advertising agency is responsible for coming up for an Idea for an advertisement for the customers these customers maybe anyone Coke Cola, Pepsi Adidis, Nike anyone who has something to sell pays money to an advertising agency to get there product into the mind of customer. The advertising agencies are responsible for marketing and producing their clients brand. For example, if the client is Dell Computers, the agencys role is to see what are the best ideas in promoting the product. It can be done with television commercials, print ads or internet ads. There are many services an agency offers to its client. http://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/marketing/advertisingprocess.html M-2: Make an effective judgment which of these advertisement do you consider as best in its category and why? In my judgment the add of NIDO is best of all because it have solid persuasive entity of price where people know general price of milk per liter and they give low price as 39 rupees per liter, shown the target market as mentioned in the picture a child with his mother. Here mother giving love in shape milk as NIDO. They specified the quality in the sentence ghezayit sy barphoor dhood. The specified that its beneficial as quality for children health. They also mentioned from how much quantity a quality milk can be made. On the top the company named is mentioned. Which show the overall company advertisement too. Where as bright colors are used which show happiness of the family children. D-1: Evaluate your findings on the basis of the criteria for the category discussed in Merit section. As I mentioned in the merit part my findings in the add. That price is mentioned in the add. That per liter its cost 30 rupees. They have shown their target market as children. They shown in the add NIDO as the symbol of care LOVE of mother with children. They described how to make liquid milk from powder milk in the better quality its quality quantity measurements. That the formula making better milk. They shown NIDO have better hygiene quality and health making material as vitamins etc. I think they had covered in the add: Target Market Brand quality Brand Price Brand Quantity Brand Benefits Method of use Contents of product Appendix Inform Persuade Remind

Analysis of Energy Saving Websites

Analysis of Energy Saving Websites In this Web assignment of session I have to complete six tasks. Each task has different functionality. In the task-1 of this assignment I have done some web base research on some energy saving sites. From these sites I have selected some sites which can be useful for completing my web site and completing the whole Web assignment. In the task-2 of this assignment I have created a Gantt chart which shows the time scale of completing each task and the total assignment. In the task-3 of this assignment I have created a site map of the overall web site. In the task-4 of this assignment I have created an HTML home page of energy saving. In the task-5 of this assignment I have created four energy saving activities. In the task-6 of this assignment I have created a report describing Publishing FAQs, Reader numbers, Way of measure the numbers of readers, Methods of Accepting questions and their response on Web page and FAQ. Online Research on ‘Energy Saving Task-1: There is a large and growing number of websites that provide this type of material; however they differ considerably in their intended target audiences and their scope. Carry out some web-based research to collect information and ideas about energy saving. Make notes on the useful sites and bookmark them for future reference. Introduction: There are many website in internet on Saving Energy or Energy Saving. They are provided many services to their regular customer and potential customer. I have visited many web sites that are related with Energy Saving web site. All of these sites provide facilities for the online sale and ordering of Sport Tickets. Some of the sites give information about their companys past history and their success in the field of Energy Saving. But my main purpose was to look at their range of the product, their specific services they offer customers, and in which way they gather site visitor information. Some list of my visited sites: www.aceee.org [09.05.2008] www1.eere.energy.gov [09.05.2008] www.energysavingnow.com[09.05.2008] www.windtrap.co.uk[09.05.2008] www.energyquest.ca.gov [09.05.2008] www.energystar.gov[09.05.2008] www.espenergy.org[09.05.2008] www.hi-velocity.com[09.05.2008] www.energysavingtrust.org.uk.com[09.05.2008] www.carbontrust.co.uk [09.05.2008] www.Techtree.com[09.05.2008] www.Energybooks.com[09.05.2008] Site-1: www.hi-velocity.com [09.05.2008] Notes of the Site: Attractive home page. Good graphical presentation of energy saving. FAQs option is available for this sites visitor. This site has searching option for their user. Site-2: www.aceee.org [09.05.2008] Notes of the Site: Attractive home page and links. Online guide option available for sites visitors. End use of energy saving tips is available for users. This site has searching option for their user. Site-3: www.energysavingnow.com [09.05.2008] Notes of the Site: Links of important information are present on this web site. They have given information different energy sources of today. This site has different section for press visitor. Search for energy saving option for their user. Site-4: www.1.eere.energy.gov [09.05.2008] Notes of the Site: Attractive home page for their users. Links are displayed by images. Important information for energy saving are available. Site-5: www.windtrap.co.uk [09.05.2008] Notes of the Site: Attractive home page. Energy saving product are sold by this web site. Different prize are offered for the customer of this web site. They have different link for different product. Conclusion: After completing the Taks-1 of my ‘Developing a Website I have most of the information which will be required for completing my assignment. Researching on energy saving on the internet gave me lot of newss about current energy saving activity and energy saving products. Task-2: Introduction: I am starting my project in the eighth date and I have made a project plan. This plan will help me to maintain the rules. The chart is give below: A project plan for the way I intended to complete the rest of the assignment. For planning use the time scale I have been allocated for this assignment. Name of the month with date 12 May 08 to 06 June 08 Month May-2008 June-2008 Date 09-11 12 13-17 18-24 25-31 01-02 03-06 Hour 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Task1 Task2 Task3 Task4 Task5 Task6 Conclusion: This planning gave the target for doing the work in time. Site Map Task-3: Produce a Site Map for overall website concept showing how all the different types of information can be presented and, in particular, how navigation between the different pages will be organized. Keep in mind the need to make the site engaging and inspirational so that it will meet its objective. Site Map Home Energy Saving Activities Do not waste Bulbs FAQ Why Energy Save? Energy Saving Product Reduce Consumption Comments Add Comments View Comments Change Behavior Usage Style Search Kitchen Appliance Household Equipments Conclusion: After completing the Task-3 of my ‘Developing a Website I have the complete designing concept about how I am going to design my whole web site. I am going to design me website as I have planned to design it. Home Page (Screen Shot) Figure 1: (TOP of the HOME Page) Figure 2: (Center of the HOME Page) Figure 3: (Bottom of the HOME Page) Activity Pages (Screen Shot) Figure 1: (TOP of the Change Behavior Page) Figure 2: (Bottom of the Change Behavior Page) Figure 3: (TOP of the Reduce Consumption Page) Figure 4: (Bottom of the Reduce Consumption Page) Figure 5: (TOP of the Usage Style Page) Figure 6: (Bottom of the Usage Style Page) Figure 7: (TOP of the Do Not Waste Page) Figure 8: (Bottom of the Do Not Waste Page) Task-6: Write a short report of not more than 2000 words describing: †¢ The methods that you might use to accept questions and publish them with an appropriate response on the advice pages. You do not want to make this a purely manual process. †¢ The way in which you would measure the numbers of readers and the usefulness of the questions and answers so that you can determine which should become FAQs? †¢ The methods and design ideas you might use to make it easy to publish the FAQs in a prominent way that is accessible from the home page, so that readers will want to return to the website to read them. FAQ:- FAQ is an acronym for Frequently Asked Questions. It is also Sometimes used as the singular Frequently Asked Question (Although When was the last time you heard only one question?). Some have called it Frequently Answered Questions as well. This Isnt necessarily correct, but it isnt necessarily wrong either. It Effectively has the same meaning. A compilation of Frequently Asked Questions (and their answers) is Referred to as a FAQ list or FAQ article. Sometimes the term FAQ Itself is used to refer to the article as an example, I refer to This article as a FAQ about FAQs. The term FAQ has a meaning of its own that could almost qualify it as A word of its own. Sometimes, FAQs are full of answers. Other times They are policy statements for USENET groups, without the Question and Answer format that is popular. FAQs fall into the realm of articles called Periodic Postings. In Addition to FAQs, other articles or compilations of information are Posted and/or archived. www.faqs.org [27.05.2008] Another definition of FAQ are â€Å"Pronounced as separate letters, or as fak, and short for frequently asked questions, a FAQ is an online document that poses a series of common questions and answers on a specific topic. FAQs originated in Usenet groups as a way to answer questions about the rules of the service. Today, there are FAQs on the Web for many topics, ranging from programming languages to gardening tips.† Here is another definition of FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions): FAQs are documents that list and answer the most common questions on a particular subject. There are hundreds of FAQs on subjects as diverse as Pet Grooming and Cryptography. FAQs are usually written by people who have tired of answering the same question over and over. Methods of Accepting questions and their response on Web page:- In the daily basis there are a lot of visitors who visit any web site. As well as any other web site energy saving web sites have a lot of visitors, who visit these sites daily or weekly basis. While visiting these sites they have many questions arising on their mind about these sites. Now the most common question arising how these questions can be received and given appropriate response about these questions. Questions can be received by many methods most common of them are e-mail based and response form. People or visitors can e-mail their responses or advises or questions to the particular sites owner or officials. Response form A response form contains many options as like visitors name, ID number, address, telephone number, email address, subject of question and a free space, which is used to taking question from the visitors. When a visitor submits response form, after finishing point then it is stored within web file. After that the web authority tries to response with appropriate answer to visitors. A response form contains some most important parts, which must be filling by visitors as like name, telephone, question etc. Email based It is another method to allow question from visitors. For this system, first visitors require an email account, which is used for throw mail to another email address. In relation to this method, company chooses an email address associated with their website to converse with company. The company gives notice through their website to launch mail about visitors inquiry. Then visitors can send mail with their questions. www.superb.net [27.05.2008] Another way of receiving questions is feedback form on the web site. While any visitors finish of his/her on the site then he/she can fill-up the form which will include the privilege of giving comments, asking questions and give personal information for feedback information or further notice. From both of these process questions can be received and saved or stored to the question memory and the most common questions can be answered automatically. Because these questions cannot be asked frequently and have no answers on the question memory. Publishing FAQs:- The web site officials of maintenance staff will maintain a question memory where the entire question will be saved which was asked by the visitors. FAQs can be published by filtering those questions by their asking rate and importance relating the sites subject. After filtering those questions it will be categorized by subject and importance and it will be published on a different section of the web site. FAQs PUBLISHING METHOD: ENERGY SAVING HO

Education In Britain During The 18th Century :: essays research papers

Education in Britain during the Eighteenth Century   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Britain now a days every child must go to school to further their education. However, it was not like that in the eighteenth century. The less fortunate were not as educated because they could not afford to have their children go to school. Girls had less of a chance to go to school than boys. But as the eighteenth century went on different types of schools were established for children, adolescents, and adults.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One type of these new schools were Charity schools. Charity schools were established in the beginning of the century. These schools were for boys and girls of the working lower class, The main idea was to teach these children religion, and how to read and write. The children were also taught thing that would benefit them as a social class; such as cobbling shoes, carpentry, and straw plaiting. On occasions the crafts that the children made were sold to help the school. By 1740 there were close to 2000 charity schools in england1.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the summer Children would go to school from five or six in the morning to eight or nine at night. In the winter the day went from six or seven in the morning until seven or eight at night. Children did not have to go to school if they did not wish to. It was hard to get children from the countries to go to school due to the fact that their parents wanted them to stay at home in the fields helping to pay for their family income.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around 1780 Sunday schools came around. Like Charity schools they taught religion. They started because many people believed that even overworked children deserved to get an education2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type of school that was established were the private schools. Private and â€Å"dissenting academies† existed for those who were excluded other schools3 due to their religious beliefs. Britain created a modern educational system that taught mainly commercial subjects for the boys; such as surveying, and European languages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schools advertised and competed wish each other for students to come to their school. Schools would try and appear better by having plays and musical nights. Some schools even offered Military education. However, competitive sports did not exist in the eighteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around 1759 girls could finally go to school with the boys. However, their education was not thought to be important. Education In Britain During The 18th Century :: essays research papers Education in Britain during the Eighteenth Century   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Britain now a days every child must go to school to further their education. However, it was not like that in the eighteenth century. The less fortunate were not as educated because they could not afford to have their children go to school. Girls had less of a chance to go to school than boys. But as the eighteenth century went on different types of schools were established for children, adolescents, and adults.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One type of these new schools were Charity schools. Charity schools were established in the beginning of the century. These schools were for boys and girls of the working lower class, The main idea was to teach these children religion, and how to read and write. The children were also taught thing that would benefit them as a social class; such as cobbling shoes, carpentry, and straw plaiting. On occasions the crafts that the children made were sold to help the school. By 1740 there were close to 2000 charity schools in england1.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the summer Children would go to school from five or six in the morning to eight or nine at night. In the winter the day went from six or seven in the morning until seven or eight at night. Children did not have to go to school if they did not wish to. It was hard to get children from the countries to go to school due to the fact that their parents wanted them to stay at home in the fields helping to pay for their family income.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around 1780 Sunday schools came around. Like Charity schools they taught religion. They started because many people believed that even overworked children deserved to get an education2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type of school that was established were the private schools. Private and â€Å"dissenting academies† existed for those who were excluded other schools3 due to their religious beliefs. Britain created a modern educational system that taught mainly commercial subjects for the boys; such as surveying, and European languages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schools advertised and competed wish each other for students to come to their school. Schools would try and appear better by having plays and musical nights. Some schools even offered Military education. However, competitive sports did not exist in the eighteenth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around 1759 girls could finally go to school with the boys. However, their education was not thought to be important.

You and the Internet :: Computers Web Technology Essays

You and the Internet Have you heard all about the internet? Have you heard all about the wonderfull places you can go to just by clicking a button on your computer screen? Wouldn't it be wonderfull if that were really true? A lot of exaggerations have been made about the internet. But for the money there's nothing like it on Earth. The internet is no electronic transportation device. The internet is a multinational packet switched computer network. For those of you who aren't familiar with the "packet switched network" I will explain. A data transmission can be compared to a freight train. Each boxcar is numbered. The "network" can be compared to a railroad track network with switch yards referred to as "nodes." Prior to 1970 the only way to get a freight train from, say, Los Angeles to Boston was to reserve the entire distance of track for this single train. With a packet switched network each boxcar is no longer attached to a train. With it's assigned number each boxcar or packet could navigate whichever track was available through whichever switch yard it found all the way to the destination. As each boxcar arrives at the destination the final switchyard must reassemble the freight train in sequential order and send the data to the end user. Among the more than 19.5 million sites you will find universities, libraries, governments, corporations and individuals. This huge assortment of sites is just waiting for you to visit, get comfortable and start learning. There are almost 12,000 newsgroups where you can learn about the most recent developments on just about any subject which interests you. You can subscribe to any newsgroup. That means that all the latest developments will be sent to your e-mail (electronic mail) box. This way you can have the latest news on any subject which is of continuing interest to you. Do you have an interest or gripe about anything? Send some e-mail to the people or corporations responsible. It's not difficult to find the addresses. You'll find most companies or organizations quite eager to respond. This is also a great way to do research. You can create a form letter which might ask "What is your company doing to reduce pollution?" and send it to a thousand companies in the US. I can assure you that the results you receive will be overwhelming. The internet there are about 1700 sites designated as IRC or internet relay chat. You and the Internet :: Computers Web Technology Essays You and the Internet Have you heard all about the internet? Have you heard all about the wonderfull places you can go to just by clicking a button on your computer screen? Wouldn't it be wonderfull if that were really true? A lot of exaggerations have been made about the internet. But for the money there's nothing like it on Earth. The internet is no electronic transportation device. The internet is a multinational packet switched computer network. For those of you who aren't familiar with the "packet switched network" I will explain. A data transmission can be compared to a freight train. Each boxcar is numbered. The "network" can be compared to a railroad track network with switch yards referred to as "nodes." Prior to 1970 the only way to get a freight train from, say, Los Angeles to Boston was to reserve the entire distance of track for this single train. With a packet switched network each boxcar is no longer attached to a train. With it's assigned number each boxcar or packet could navigate whichever track was available through whichever switch yard it found all the way to the destination. As each boxcar arrives at the destination the final switchyard must reassemble the freight train in sequential order and send the data to the end user. Among the more than 19.5 million sites you will find universities, libraries, governments, corporations and individuals. This huge assortment of sites is just waiting for you to visit, get comfortable and start learning. There are almost 12,000 newsgroups where you can learn about the most recent developments on just about any subject which interests you. You can subscribe to any newsgroup. That means that all the latest developments will be sent to your e-mail (electronic mail) box. This way you can have the latest news on any subject which is of continuing interest to you. Do you have an interest or gripe about anything? Send some e-mail to the people or corporations responsible. It's not difficult to find the addresses. You'll find most companies or organizations quite eager to respond. This is also a great way to do research. You can create a form letter which might ask "What is your company doing to reduce pollution?" and send it to a thousand companies in the US. I can assure you that the results you receive will be overwhelming. The internet there are about 1700 sites designated as IRC or internet relay chat.